Bonsai Tree Cultivation
March 30th, 2009, Posted in HomeThe art of cultivating bonsai trees has been a Japanese tradition for hundreds and hundreds of years. Bonsai literally translates to “tray planting,” and involves actively growing and shaping trees into a dwarfed, artistic versions of themselves. Bonsai trees are not special hybrids or dwarf species of common trees; they’re genetically identical to their much bigger brothers and sisters. It’s the careful cultivation and shaping techniques that keeps these trees small. Surprisingly, the trees are not damaged by this process, however. In fact, given the correct care, the bonsai version of a tree can live longer than the same tree if it was allowed to grow in the wild.
Grown from seeds or cuttings, Bonsai trees normally range in height from two inches to three feet. They are kept miniture through pruning both branches and roots. They’re also repotted periodically, and new growth is often pinched off.
There is a much about art as there is about horticulture in the cultivating of bonsai trees. Bonsai trees are not only kept miniture, they are also formed into pleasing shapes. They frequently follow a number of different growth patterns, from simple triangles to waterfall shapes cascading down over their pots. The various shapes are normally a product of both the pruning of the tree and through the wrapping the branches and trunk with wire, shaping the tree into its desired form. The pots themselves are part of the art as well, chosen to compliment the shape and color of the tree itself. Mosses and rocks are often added to the base for aesthetic appeal.
Cultivating a bonsai tree is more complicated than taking care of most houseplants. Since the bonsai, by definition, has has a smaller root system than most plants, it needs water and fertilizer more frequently than most garden-variety houseplants. Occasional pruning is also essential, since without pruning the bonsai tree would grow into just a normal size tree. Also, if wire is used to help mold and form the tree, it is important to take care that the wire doesn’t dig into the bark of the tree, scarring the branches permanently. Depending on the type of bonsai tree and your climate, you may be able to keep some bonsai trees outside year round, while others will need to be kept inside for at least part of the year. Moisture is also important, not only in the soil but in the branches and leaves of the bonsai. They need to be misted occasionally for the bonsai to remain healthy.